Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is caused by structural or functional abnormalities in the kidney that impair its ability to filter blood. The CKD drug market primarily comprises antihypertensive…
Male hypogonadism (low testosterone [low T]) is a condition characterized by impaired spermatogenesis and low serum testosterone. The majority of cases are caused by low T driven by age or…
The treatment of wet AMD in the United States has been mainly dominated by three anti-VEGF therapies: Roche / Genentech’s off-label Avastin, Roche / Genentech’s Lucentis, and Regeneron’s…
Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) (SSc) is a rare progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by skin fibrosis, systemic inflammation, and vasculopathy that can manifest as Raynaud’s phenomenon…
Two types of pharmacotherapy are used to treat adult asthma: rescue drugs and maintenance therapies. Rescue drugs are inhaled therapies that treat the acute symptoms of asthma via bronchodilation (…
Vitiligo is a chronic skin depigmentation disorder characterized by the destruction or loss of function of melanocytes. Its etiology and pathophysiology are not well understood but are believed to…
Postpartum depression (PPD) refers to the depression that some women experience after childbirth. Very few drugs are approved to treat PPD; hence, the drugs used for major depressive disorder (e.g…
The demand for safe and effective obesity treatments is growing as the prevalence of obesity increases and the efficacy of approved and pipeline agents approaches that of bariatric surgery. In…
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the obstruction of a vein caused by a thrombus. It consists of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), depending on the vein affected. Current…
The treatment of advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma is dominated by immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., Merck & Co.’s Keytruda, BMS’s Opdivo and Yervoy) and small-molecule tyrosine…
In the last two decades, TNF-α inhibitors (AbbVie’s Humira, Amgen/Pfizer’s Enbrel, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine’s Remicade and Simponi, and UCB’s Cimzia) have transformed the…
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, life-threatening disorder characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. It is a progressive condition marked by considerable…
Gout is a chronic arthritic condition caused by elevated serum uric acid (sUA) and characterized by intermittent acute flares. Treatment of the painful acute flares is distinct from the chronic…
Sarcoidosis is a rare inflammatory disease that causes the formation of granulomas—small lumps or nodules. Although it primarily affects the lungs, it can involve multiple organs, including the…
Approximately 40% of gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma patients present with metastasis, and half of patients with localized disease progress to metastatic disease…