Amyloidosis | Niche & Rare Disease Landscape & Forecast | US/EU5 | 2018

Amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils formed by the accumulation of misfolded proteins into affected organs. Amyloid immunoglobulin light chain (AL), amyloid A (AA), and amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis are the three major subtypes of the disease. The treatment of AL amyloidosis is derived from the chemotherapy regimens used to treat multiple myeloma, while the treatment of AA amyloidosis requires the management of the underlying inflammation that leads to the disease, through off-label use of IL-6/IL-1 inhibitors. ATTR amyloidosis is managed using TTR tetramer stabilizers tafamidis (Pfizer’s Vyndaqel) and diflunisal (generics), the doxycycline/TUDCA (generics) combination, and symptomatic treatment of cardiomyopathy. Tafamidis, approved in Europe for polyneuropathy caused by hereditary ATTR amyloidosis(ATTR–FAP), is the only approved drug for any amyloidosis subtype. Although there is a dearth of approved drugs for amyloidosis, several pharmacotherapies are in late-stage development for the disease. RNA-inhibiting therapies—Akcea Therapeutics and Ionis Pharmaceuticals’ inotersen and Alnylam’s Pharmaceuticals patisiran—are preregistered for hereditary ATTR amyloidosis in the United States; and while patisiran is also preregistered in Europe, inotersen has been approved in the European Union for ATTR–FAP. Tafamidis, approved in Europe for ATTR–FAP, is in Phase III development for ATTR-associated cardiomyopathy. Moreover, Takeda Oncology’s oral proteasome inhibitor, ixazomib (Ninlaro), and Janssen Biotech and Genmab’s daratumumab (Darzalex), an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, are in late-phase development for AL amyloidosis. Despite available treatment options and various therapies in late-phase development, there will remain a high unmet need for additional and effective therapies for amyloidosis through 2027.

Questions Answered

• How will the sizes of the AL, AA and ATTR amyloidosis populations across the United States and the EU5 change through 2027?
• What are key current therapies in the amyloidosis market?
• What are the key drug targets emerging from basic and clinical research in amyloidosis? Which emerging therapies do amyloidosis experts consider most promising? How would new therapies influence the management of amyloidosis patients?
• How are emerging amyloidosis therapies being evaluated by the amyloidosis experts across the United States and the EU5, and which are likely to launch by 2027? What commercial impact will they have on the amyloidosis market?

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