Alopecia areata (AA) is an inflammatory autoimmune skin disease characterized by the targeting of anagen hair follicles by the host immune system, resulting in varying degrees of hair loss. Topical…
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive development and enlargement of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys, accompanied by symptoms…
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare neuromuscular disorder caused by autoantibodies at the neuromuscular junction targeting—in most patients—acetylcholine receptors; it is characterized by muscle…
Chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) encompasses various chronic urticaria subtypes caused by specific triggers. CIndU seems to be more resistant than chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) to standard…
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic intermittent relapsing disorder of the large intestine and rectum. Treatment typically begins with conventional agents (e.g., 5-aminosalicylic acids [5-ASAs])…
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, life-threatening disorder characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. It is a progressive condition marked by considerable…
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney disease in which scarring occurs to the glomeruli. Patients with FSGS typically present with nephrotic syndrome, involving edema and…
Prophylactic therapy for migraine is prescribed to reduce migraine frequency, severity, and duration of attacks and to increase responsiveness of attacks to acute treatment. Generic oral AEDs (e.g…
Children with Crohn’s disease (CD) have a more-complicated disease course compared with adult patients. Historically, treatment of pediatric CD would begin with safe, albeit often less-…
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by relapsing dry, red, and itchy skin, which typically develops in early childhood and can persist into adulthood. The…
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is caused by structural or functional abnormalities in the kidney that impair its ability to filter blood. The CKD drug market primarily comprises antihypertensive…
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the obstruction of a vein caused by a thrombus. It consists of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), depending on the vein affected. Current…
Most uveitis-related vision loss is the result of chronic inflammation of the posterior segment of the eye. Although noninfectious anterior uveitis is typically treated successfully with topical…
Multiple guidelines recommend treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) first with psychotherapy, but such approaches do not suffice for many patients, necessitating the use of pharmacological…
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly drug-treated condition that uses an array of drug classes, including, but not limited to, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), selective…
